Board 13 - Both Vul.
                             North
                             S 9
                             H AT876
                             D T973
                             C 843
West                                               East
S AQT                                             S J8654
H QJ93                                            H K54
D J5                                                D AK862
C A752                                            C
                            South
                            S K732
                            H 2
                            D Q4
                            C KQJT96

---------------------------------------------------------
Open Room
Contract: E - 4S / Opening Lead: CK / Result: =

West            North            East          South
HueRay         mrumpie1       ufoddn       gramps77
                   p                 1S             2C
3C               3H                4D             p
4S               p                  p               p 

Closed Room
Contract: E - 4S / Opening Lead: CK / Result: -1

West            North            East           South
ellie26           lewis_ustc     tennatty     fgao
                   p                 1S             3C
d                 p                 3D              p
4S               p                  p               p 

咋一看边花可以取5墩，只要取到5墩将牌即可，对称原理预示着将牌歪分的可能性很大。

开室不同的进程使我已经预见到H上的恶劣分布，如果要取H赢墩，必须要先处理将牌，这时我必须预防将牌失控。

还有一个很诱人的打法是放弃H的赢墩快速的建立交叉将吃，这样我需要三个边花和7个将牌。因为我手上没有将牌9，不知道D上是否会被超吃，如果被超吃我将不够墩。

实战我选择做H,于是我小心的将吃首攻，飞将牌D回手，然后继续飞将牌，发现将牌41分布，然后开始做H，防守已经没有办法阻止我完成定约。

 

现在回头想想，有什么更好的打法吗？

Justin Lall，1986年9月生，是2005、2006年的第10届、第11届世界青年桥牌锦标赛冠军( WORLD YOUTH TEAM CHAMPIONSHIP)，职业牌手。本文来自他的“博客” 

http://squeezingthedummy.blogspot.com/

　

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我最经常被问到的问题是：“我该做些什么，才能提高我的牌技？”正确的答案是要做许许多多艰苦的工作。正如生活的很多方面一样，渴望变得更好的人总是比愿意投入劳动以真正获得改善的人多得多。对于仍然感兴趣提高牌技的朋友，以下是一个引导你提高牌技的指南，无论你现在的水准如何。

    步骤一。打很多、很多、很多副牌。这一步的重要性决不能低估。你见过的牌张分布越多，你经历得越多，即使别的事都不做，你也会打得越好。当你打牌时，要计算。算大牌点，算牌型，算赢张，算输张，什么都算。从构思整手牌开始，随着每个牌张打出而不断修改，直到你洞悉每张牌在哪里。这个过程你做得越多，再做就会觉得越自然。老实说，不做计算而打好桥牌是不可能的。在网上打牌就可以很好的实现这一训练目的。

    步骤二。评估。每打完一节，你需要客观地评价自己打得怎么样。在哪几副牌上你输了IMP？为什么你在这几副牌输了IMP？你是不是本可以做些什么，还是仅仅因为运气不好？这将是个很艰难的过程，因为你将认识到，你犯傻了。在现实生活中，我们人人都会犯傻，我们能做的只是力求少犯几次。当你这样自省过的牌局足够多以后，你就会找到自己的牌技中的某些弱点。比如，现在我正觉得自己首攻的多数思路要不得。我正在埋头于计算机模拟牌局中，并且强迫自己首攻时多用点时间思考。显然，首攻并不是一门精确的科学，但是我相信，我能做得好一点。不管是那方面弱点使你丢掉IMP，下点功夫把它们找出来，不必为此而觉得难堪。

    步骤三。堵上你的漏洞。你已经知道自己的弱点何在，修补它们。这并不能一蹴而就。为此首先要做的是阅读。假如你主打有将定约有严重的缺陷，阅读你能在书本里或讨论栏目中找到的每一个有将定约的庄家做庄的测试题。努力把它解出来。真的努力，不要只想了一分钟就忙着看答案。另一件该做的事是思考。针对你会弄错的某些问题，真的用心思考，比如五阶上的决策。假如你叫的五盖五不够多，你的牌质估算有什么毛病？也许你没有充分认识到敌方套缺门的威力。有时候，你的问题是心理层面的，那你就必须用心理手段纠正。如果你光靠自己做不好这些，拿着牌局去找打得更好的牌手讨论。有时候，倾听他们的思考过程，能帮你看清楚自己思考时的错误是什么。

    步骤四。完成以上各步，你现在能够分析清楚每一副牌，能够不做蠢事了。但有时你还是会犯傻，为什么？一旦你的牌技达到这个水准，技术上完全胜任，你必须对自己的头脑做工作。桥牌是智力角逐，你必须一直保持最佳状态。很多有能力的牌手会打得很差，因为他们在集中精力方面有问题。有时他们缺少充足的睡眠，或者打牌时漫不经心。有时他们放不下打坏了的一副牌，此后就做出些蠢事来。不要落到这些陷阱里。要想好，怎样才能使你的心智健全，在什么条件下你才能最好地集中精力，全力以赴。这再一次要求你有自省力，看清楚目前的状况如何。只有你自己能知道，只有你自己能纠正。

    重复。我担保，如果你按以上步骤循环许多遍，并且压下你的骄傲自负，真的付出艰苦努力来做好这些事，你的牌技将有巨大的提高。我仍旧常规地走这样的循环，而且希望永远走下去。好到不需要提高的人是不存在的。

    听起来好像艰苦的工作吗？就为了写这些，我已经累坏了。

——2006/09/28，译于合肥 Aihua

Justin Lall的另篇文章：一位年青世界冠军的心声

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英文原文：  

How To: Improve Your Game

The most frequent question I am asked is, "What can I do to improve my game?" The truth is it's a lot of hard work. As in most areas of life, there are many more people who desire to become better than people willing to put in the work to achieve it. For those still interested, here is a guide to improving your bridge game no matter what level you are currently at.

Step 1: Play many, many, many hands. This cannot be underestimated. The more hands you see and experience you get, the better you will become without even doing anything else. While you are playing these hands, count. Count points, count shape, count winners, count losers, count everything. Form a picture of the hand, and change it with each trick that goes by until you know every card. The more you do this the more natural it will feel. Honestly, it is impossible to play good bridge without counting. Online bridge is great for this purpose.

Step 2: Evaluate. After each session you will need to objectively evaluate how you played. What boards did you lose imps on? Why did you lose imps on those boards? Could you have done anything or were you unlucky? This will be a very hard process, because you will realize that you suck. In reality, we all suck, and we just strive to suck less. After you go over the hands with yourself enough, you are going to find certain weaknesses in your game. Right now I feel like I give up the most on opening leads. I am getting into computer simulation, and forcing myself to take more time with leads. Leads are obviously not an exact science, but I'm sure I could do better. Whatever your weaknesses are that are causing you to drop imps, figure them out and don't feel embarrassed.

Step 3: Plug your leaks. You know what your weaknesses are, so fix them. This will not happen overnight. The main thing to do here is read. If your cardplay in suit contracts is a big weakness, read any declarer play problem you can find in a book or message forum that has a trump suit. Try to work it out. Really try, don't just think for a minute and then look at the answer. The other thing to do is to think. Really think about certain problems that you get wrong, like 5 level decisions. If you don't bid 5 over 5 enough, what is wrong with your evaluation? Perhaps you don't realize the power of a void in the opponents suit. Sometimes the problem is mental, and you have to fix it mentally. If you are unable to do this on your own, discuss hands with better players. Sometimes hearing their thinking process will make it clear to you what the error in your thinking was.

Step 4: So, you're now capable of analyzing every hand and not doing anything stupid. Sometimes you still do though, why? Once your game is at this level and you are technically proficient, you need to work on your head. Bridge is a mental game, and you need to be at your best all the time. Many capable players play poorly because they have problems focusing and concentrating. Sometimes they don't get enough sleep, or play distracted. Sometimes they can't get over a bad result and do something stupid after that. Don't fall into these traps. Figure out how to get your mind right, and what the best conditions are for you to be able to focus and give it everything you have. Again, this requires introspection to figure out what's going on. Only you can know, and only you can fix it.

Repeat. I guarantee if you go through these cycles many times and swallow your pride and ego and really work hard at doing these things, you will find tremendous improvements. I still go through this cycle routinely, and hopefully I always will. Nobody is too good to improve. Sound like hard work? I'm exhausted just writing about it.

全国桥牌俱乐部锦标赛公开乙级循环赛

第15副  南北有局  南家发牌

 

南北方使用自然叫牌法，面对3NT定约，你选择¨K首攻，同伴跟2。你连出3圈¨，同伴和庄家都有跟出。现在庄家从明手出ªK、Q，同伴跟 J、10，庄家跟小牌，你垫掉两张©。此时，庄家经过长时间考虑，猛然从明手出§K，同伴跟6，庄家5，你如何考虑防守？全手牌如下：

从你连叫两次©和攻牌来看，红花色6－4分布庄家已知，而且，你也只有持§A才有叫两次牌的能力，所以，庄家对你的牌情基本了解。而庄家的牌力你也应该明了，庄家只有3张¨，开叫1¨必然是4－4－3－2牌型，现在是考你如何应对庄家的招法。如果你吃住§K并且兑现¨赢张，这也就是你的第4墩牌，你再也取不到更多的赢墩了，庄家可以用§Q回手先飞掉你的©J，解封©再用ªA回手享受©赢墩。忍让§K如何？比如你放小牌，庄家打ªA回手，你垫哪张牌？如果垫©，则庄家的第四张©变大；如果垫打好的¨赢张，则庄家先©飞牌，然后解封©，打§给你，你拿两墩§后只好给庄家两墩©。那么，庄家从明手打§K，是不是就没有办法了呢？答案是唯一的，也就是§J！

你在§K下垫掉J，庄家将毫无作为。如果他打ª到A，你可以垫掉¨赢张保留4张©，庄家飞了©后无法再用§投入你，因为你可以有一张小§传递给同伴。§J的防守杀招一出，庄家只好缴械。

在乙级组赛场上，由于垫错牌被打成3NT的不在少数，做出上述这一出色防守的，是北京华远俱乐部的年轻小将刘京。而成就刘京防守妙招的庄家，也由于马上打出§K，不仅增加了防守难度，而且对防守方妙招的产生也增加了成色。刘京在对笔者谈到这副牌时，说当时沈军长(本副庄家，深圳平安俱乐部沈佳祥)猛然从明手出§K时，他差点随手出掉§A，当想起忍让不给暗手做桥时，又险些出小§。后来静下心，仔细想清楚了庄家的牌及后面的变化，做出了这一精彩防守。

点评：不是最高水平的比赛才能出现精彩牌例。这副牌的防守完全可以放进教科书，因为这里面包含了非常朴素的逻辑：只要你剥茧抽丝，就能成功。